老师：Hello everyone, welcome to my class. I'm Liu Haiyang from Beijing.
学生：Guangchun Middle School. This is the second period of Unit 3, Food and Culture. Today we are going to discover a useful structure. In this class, you will recognize and summarize the meaning, form and use of the past perfect tense and the past perfect passive voice. And use the past perfect tense and the past perfect passive voice to describe a situation that happened in the past last.
学生：Now let's begin our class. First, turn to page 29, look at the pairs of sentences and pay attention to the meaning and the form of verbs in the sentences.
学生：First, let's start with finding the main verbs. If we look more carefully, we can find that within each words the verb forms are different. So we can divide the sentences into two new groups. So we can rearrange the sentences and put them into different columns.
学生：Let's look at the left column, 1st. The first sentence is the chef had set up a farm to table restaurant before his new cookbook was published. Do you know how to translate the sentence? oh，yes， the meaning is。
老师：这位主厨在他的新烹饪书出版之前，就已经创办了一家从农场到餐桌的餐馆。 The second one.
学生：They had finished their dinner by the time Sam joined them. So how to translate this one? oh，yes， the meaning is。
老师：等到 Sam 加入他们的时候，他们已经吃完晚餐了。
学生：So from the two sentences we can see that the meaning of the verb form had done.
老师：Is Yijing.
学生：Okay, now let's look at the sentences on the right column. The first one, a farm to table restaurant had been set up by the chef before his new cookbook was published. We can see comparing with the first group of sentences, the subjects are different. Then how should we translate this sentence? yes the meaning is。
老师：一家从农场到餐桌的餐馆，在这位主厨的新烹饪书出版之前就已经被创办了。
学生：now the second。 Sentence. Their dinner had been finished by the time Sam joined them. The meaning? of this sentence should be。
老师：他们的晚餐在 Sam 加入他们之前就已经被吃完。
学生：了。
学生：So from these two sentences we can get the meaning of the verb form had been.
老师：Done is Yijing. So now.
学生：Let's take a review for the verbal form had done that was on the left column. The meaning is.
老师：失动者已经做了什么？什么？
学生：lets take the first sentence as an example。
老师：在这句话中，主语 the chef 和宾语a。
学生：farm to table restaurant 之间。
老师：的关系是主动的，也就是active。
学生：as for the verb form had been done that was on the right column。
老师：the meaning is。受冻者已经被怎么了？
学生：well also look at the first sentence as an example。
老师：在这句话中，主语a。
学生：farm to table restaurant 和the。
老师：chef 之间的关系是被动的。
学生：Had been set up.
老师：By the chef.被主厨创办，所以是Passive。 So now.
学生：We'll look at the different forms. Let's think about this question. Why are the forms different? So let's take a closer look. For the verb form had done.
老师：We can see.
学生：Differe
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